Paediatrics Part 2 (Basics of Paediatrics II, Infectious Diseases of Children, Paediatrics Surgery)

1.Demonstrate knowledge of the most common acute and chronic diseases in children contained in the modules of the study course “Paediatrics”

2.Demonstrate knowledge of children’s rights and respect children’s rights in any interaction with children in the study environment

3.Carry out organised, problem-oriented and complete collection of a history (including information on child development and preventive care) and physical examination of the patient according to the child’s age and illness

4.Demonstrate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (if possible and necessary)

5.Accurately and succinctly formulate and provide short, accurate, orderly and complete oral reports on the patient to other colleagues in writing

6.Communicate with patients and their families using verbal and non-verbal communication skills to facilitate joint decision-making and effective information exchange

7.Module “Infectious diseases of children” - After successfully meeting the requirements of the study course, the student will have acquired knowledge that will allow: • to characterise the prevalence of infectious diseases in children in Latvia and the world; • describe the observance of children's rights and the principle of best interests ; • understand the structure and functioning of the children’s Infectious diseases Unit, hygiene, isolation measures, principles of infection control in hospital. • characterise the characteristics of immunisation in children; • to name infectious diseases and immunisation time for children determined against them in Latvia, most frequent immunisation adverse reactions and contraindications; • explain the modern concept of fetal and neonatal hereditary infections by characterizing pathogenesis, typical clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments, and prevention principles; • understand water - changes in salty substances in children with infectious diseases, principles of dehydration detection and rehydration; • define terms: fever, bacteraemia, sepsis, septic and toxic shock in children, analyse their causes, understand the concept of precautionary levels in fever and provide for an emergency action plan in the case of these situations for children of different ages; • know the most common eczema infections in children (measles, rubella, chickenpox, scarlatin; fifth disease (Eritema infectiosum) and sixth disease Characteristics of infections caused by (Roseola infantum, exanthema subitum), herpes simplex and human papillomavirus in children, impetigo children • characterise acute respiratory infections – their characteristics in children; • describe acute laryngitis, epiglotite, bronchiolitis, pertussis, mumps in children; specific characteristics of acute conjunctivitis in children • understand the specific characteristics of infectious hepatitis in children, their differential diagnosis with other hepatic abnormalities in children • describe seizures in children T.s.febr. seizures, characteristics of neuroinfections in children, acute headaches in children. • characterise the characteristics of bowel infections in children; • characterise severe bacterial infections, sepsis in newborns and early-onset children; • describe the specific characteristics of CIV, COVID-19 infections in children; • name incubation periods for more common infectious diseases in children, isolation times for sufferers and contacts. • by mining the importance of rational antibiotic choices for children

8.Module “Paediatric surgery” 1. Demonstrate knowledge of the most common surgical diseases in children included in the module of the study course “Paediatric surgery” 2. Describe congenital and acquired digestive tract non-diarrheability in children. 3. Define the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment of bone fractures in children’s limbs. 4. Describe acute haematogenic osteomyelitis in children’s age. 5. Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the diagnosis, treatment and post-operative observation of surgical pathologies in neonatal and pediatric age.

1.Propose an appropriate action plan and diagnostic examinations according to the clinical situation and patient values

2.Interpret the results of diagnostic examinations based on patient information, clinical presentation and evidence-based medical literature

3.Module “Paediatric surgery” - students will be able to: • Prescribe diagnostic examinations according to illness and clinical situation • Interpret the results of diagnostic examinations based on patient information, clinical picture and evidence-based medical literature • Define treatment plan based on clinical scene and exam results

1.Demonstrate the ability to synthesize information and clearly articulate patient problems, make medical decisions to identify a work diagnosis and a priority differential diagnosis consistent with the patient’s clinical situation

2.Demonstrate the professional and ethical behaviour expected of a doctor (e.g. arriving on time, communicating politely with staff, accepting feedback and responding)

3.Demonstrate behavior that expresses compassion, respect, honesty, and empathy for others, as well as an understanding of diversity in the population of patients and their families

4.Module “Basics of paediatrics II” Demonstrate ability to collect patient complaints and history data Demonstrate the ability to perform a patient physical examination by palpation, percussion, and auscultation. Demonstrate the ability to maintain peripheral pulse, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure indicators, attribute them to a specific clinical situation, and link them to the overall examination process.

5.Module “Infectious diseases in children” - competences acquired as a result of learning outcomes will allow independently: • formulate keywords and navigate textbooks and Internet databases to find the necessary information about childhood infectious diseases • find a form of contact appropriate to the age and family of the child in compliance with the hygiene requirements of the medical treatment institution; • in cases of typical forms of common infectious diseases in children aged between birth and 18, purposefully collect a history, conduct a clinical examination, assess the condition of the patient, formulate patient problems in a structured manner, offering them within their competence solutions in diagnosis, treatment and prevention, describe the observed medical history and report it to colleagues using terminology adopted in medicine, respecting ethical principles and requirements for personal data protection; • analyse child health problems related to more common typical infectious diseases, including those requiring the integration of pre-clinical sciences sectors (homeostasis, microbiology, pharmacology, etc.) and clinical medicine (paediatrics, internal medicine, infectious diseases) for effective practical and measurable results for the preparation and presentation of tended solutions in medical documentation; • take arguments-based, verifiable and scientific-minded decisions on children’s health, disease or life, as well as on public health and the state of the environment in typical cases of childhood infectious diseases; • apply theoretical knowledge in clinical cases, creating action algorithms in the following clinical situations in children: acute infections with exanthema, acute pharyngitis, laryngitis, epiglottitis, bronchiolitis, whooping cough, stridor, diarrhea and dehydration/hypovolemia, shock, hepatitis, epidemic parotitis, febrile seizures, headaches, meningitis/encephalitis, congenital infections, fever, sepsis. • prepare for clinic-based elective practice in pediatrics, as well as develop the necessary attitude in a doctor's work with children in residency; • be able to offer action on emergency and acute health conditions in children to address diagnostic, therapeutic and prognosis uncertainties, seek, where necessary, assistance and cooperation with a multidisciplinary medical team, understanding patient-centered healthcare principles, listening to the patient, the patient’s family or guardians, respecting their values and taking care to ensure the best interests of children.

6.Module “Paediatric surgery” - students will be able to: • to formulate and substantiate in a logical and reasoned manner a clinical diagnosis in cases of congenital and acquired surgical pathologies of child age; • develop diagnostic and treatment tactics for surgical abnormalities in congenital and acquired children; • formulate indications for conservative and surgical treatment; • justify the choice of treatment tactics; • assess the expected quality of life in congenital surgical abnormalities.