Emergency Cardiology and Intensive Care II

1.- In-depth knowledge of acute cardiac pathology (aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, investigative methods, differential diagnoses, treatment options, early rehabilitation); - A detailed insight into possible indications, contraindications, complications when using invasive and non-invasive treatment options; - Pharmacology, indications, contraindications for therapy in acute cardiac patients, including haemodynamic maintenance, thrombosis prevention and therapy; - Knowledge of the respiratory system status of a patient with acute cardiac pathology (interpretation of arterial and venous blood gas tests; principles of acute respiratory failure therapy; principles of choice of oxygen therapy, including indications, choice and options for provision of various invasive and non-invasive methods of mechanical ventilation); - Principles of fluid, electrolyte, acid-base and renal support (principles of renal failure management, including general knowledge of renal replacement therapy (haemofiltration and dialysis)); - General metabolic maintenance (assessment and management of nutritional balance, basic metabolic function requirements); - Principles of diagnosis, treatment, prevention of cardiac and generalised infections (microbiological sampling and interpretation of microbiological test results; selection, indications, complications, interactions and monitoring of basic antimicrobials).

1.- to formulate a primary diagnosis of acute cardiovascular pathologies based on clinical and physical examination and additional examination data; - to diagnose the three main pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiac arrest (VF/VT, asystole and pulseless electrical activity [electromechanical dissociation]) and provide first aid according to the algorithms defined in the guidelines; - to administer short-term intravenous general anaesthesia for emergency, urgent and elective treatment of rhythm disturbances with electro-pulse therapy, and be able to select and administer appropriate therapy for rhythm disturbances - to perform CPR according to basic and advanced algorithms and continue patient care after cardiocerebral resuscitation measures; - to perform indirect cardiac massage, electrodefibrillation, tracheal intubation as indicated, use MPV with appropriate ventilators, MPV modes, intracardiac drug administration; - to know the indications for plasmapheresis; - to be able to diagnose and treat post cardiac arrest syndrome (including therapeutic hypothermia); - to perform central and peripheral vascular puncture and catheterisation, determine and interpret vital signs and haemodynamic parameters, and apply state-of-the-art treatment methods to support vital functions; - methodology of administration and dosing of specific medicinal products – intravenous administration of drugs using drip infusion, perfusers and other instruments (ability to practically prepare instruments, perform central venous and peripheral vascular catheterisation, knowledge of indications for use, dosage, side effects of highly potent substances (dopamine, dobutamine, sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, lidocaine, etc.)). - perform echocardiogram screening, intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation, interpret 12-lead electrocardiogram; - to perform pericardiocentesis in case of cardiac tamponade.

1.- to independently draw up an examination plan and perform a differential diagnosis for a patient with suspected acute cardiac pathology, - to provide cardiological emergency care, intensive care and resuscitation, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation; - ability to care for a patient with an acute cardiological profile in intensive therapy, including the ability to monitor and ensure the vital functions of hemodynamically unstable patients.