Environmental Health I
Study Course Implementer
Riga, 14 Balozu Street, avmk@rsu.lv, +371 67060816
About Study Course
Objective
Preliminary Knowledge
Learning Outcomes
Knowledge
1.As a result of completing the study course, students are able to do the following: • describe the importance of environmental health, principles, directions, tasks thereof; • describe indoor air microclimate parameters, indoor CO2 level as an indicator of air quality, types of ventilation and ventilation efficiency assessment techniques, lighting indicators; • name the levels of microclimate, indoor CO2 level, air volume, lighting indicators, which are determined by legislation or recommended in guidelines; • name the physical environmental factors of air, sources thereof, examples in the environment, possible impact on human health; • name the thermoregulation mechanisms of the human body depending on environmental conditions; • name the basic principles of environmental health policy and their importance in reducing chemical pollution; • describe air as an ecological component of the environment, name examples of pollution and preventive measures to reduce pollution; • describe analytical methods for determining chemical air pollution; • refer to the environmental air quality standards and guidelines of Latvia and the European Union according to the topics to be learned in the classes.
Skills
1.As a result of completing the study course, the student obtains skills to: • independently, critically analyse, apply ecological reasoning to justify one’s opinion and evaluate environmental health as a preventive branch of environmental science and medicine in preserving and strengthening human health; • determine and evaluate indicators of microclimate, CO2 level, ventilation efficiency, natural and artificial lighting, provide recommendations for improving conditions; • determine the main thermoregulation mechanisms of the human body depending on environmental conditions; • practically operate analytical equipment and perform analytical calculations in the determination of chemical substances in the air environment; • evaluate environmental policy measures and implement them to improve public health; • present one’s opinion on the problems of physical and chemical air pollution in Latvia and the world.
Competences
1.The acquired competence allows to: • see the connection between the state of human health and the conditions of the surrounding environment; • apply knowledge of the basics of argumentation, logic and rhetoric to analyse practical situations; • develop recommendations, measures to prevent or reduce harmful environmental risk factors, ensuring optimal interaction between the human body and the environment; • take responsibility and demonstrate leadership skills in cases where the interests of environmental safety, individuals or the society as a whole require it; • apply knowledge and skills in solving environmental health problems in one’s professional activities.
Assessment
Individual work
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Title
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% from total grade
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Grade
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|---|---|---|
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1.
Individual work |
-
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-
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Expanded acquisition of additional knowledge, skills, competences from study training materials, from presentations, discussions on problem reports and research papers developed by students. Development and presentation of problem reports. Filling in the study course evaluation questionnaires at the end of the study semester (in the 1st year of studies – spring semester, in the 2nd year of studies – autumn semester).
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Examination
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Title
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% from total grade
|
Grade
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|---|---|---|
|
1.
Examination |
-
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-
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During the practical work, there are also tests of theoretical knowledge, solving of situational tasks, discussions about them and at the end of the course – an exam.
Students’ knowledge is assessed taking into account the activity and quality of work of each student throughout the study course:
• participation and activity in the work of practical classes, discussions (10%);
• quality of completing practical work minutes (including situational tasks) (30%);
• quality of independent work content and presentation (30%);
• testing of theoretical knowledge about environmental health issues in the exam (30%).
Examination method: cumulative exam.
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Study Course Theme Plan
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Global environmental health problems in Latvia and the world. Environmental medicine as a branch of science. The main types of effects of environmental pollution on the human body. Environmental diseases.
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-
Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
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Topics
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Environmental health methodology and assessment principles. Biomonitoring, including urine and blood tests.
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-
Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
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Auditorium
|
2
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Topics
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Methods of assessment of environmental risk factors. The problem of indoor air pollution. Sick building syndrome.
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-
Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
|
2
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Topics
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Physical environmental pollution. Ionising radiation, effect thereof on the human body. The experience of the atomic bombing of Japan and the Chernobyl disaster.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
|
3
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Topics
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Atmospheric pressure. Microclimate. Air temperature, methods of determination thereof. Thermal radiation. Air humidity, indicators thereof. Air movement. Anemometry. The effect of the physical properties of air on the human body. Heat exchange between the organism and the environment.
Practical tasks. Analysis of atmospheric pressure and microclimate indicators. Construction and analysis of a wind rose.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
|
3
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Topics
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Chemical and biological air pollution. The impact of pollution on health. Carbon dioxide as an indicator of indoor air cleanliness. Indoor air exchange. Infiltration. Mechanical ventilation.
Practical tasks. Dynamic determination of carbon dioxide concentration in indoor air. Calculation of air volume (cubic metre). Determining the frequency of air exchange. Situational tasks on indoor air quality.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
|
3
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Topics
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Solar radiation. Light. Lighting. Lighting indicators.
Practical tasks. Assessment of the natural ambient lighting of the room. Calculation of local lighting indicators. Determining the absorption of window glass. Measuring artificial lighting.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
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3
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Topics
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Seminar on physical factors of the air environment (environmental noise, vibration, non-ionising, ionising radiation).
Student presentations, discussion. Test.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
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3
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Topics
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Air pollution, determination of emissions in the environment in relation to emission sources.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
|
3
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Topics
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Air sampling methods for environmental analysis. The main principles and equipment.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Laboratory
|
3
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Topics
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The most frequently used analytical methods in the assessment of environmental pollution, basic principles thereof.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
3
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Topics
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Statistical evaluation of data and requirements for environmental pollution analysis, validity of measurements.
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-
Lecture
|
Modality
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Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Chemical air pollution – classification, monitoring, evaluation.
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-
Lecture
|
Modality
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Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
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Topics
|
Chemical air pollution – methods of analysis, concentration calculations.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
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Topics
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Occupational safety in laboratory work. Calculations of practical tasks.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
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Topics
|
Discussion of the test work on the topics learned in the previous year on the principles and methods of air pollutant assessment. Photometric evaluation methods – laboratory work with minutes.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
|
Topics
|
Photometric evaluation methods – laboratory work.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
|
Topics
|
Atomic absorption methods (flame, graphite cuvette) – determination of metals, work with analysis print-outs.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
|
Topics
|
Chromatographic methods – options for detecting volatile organic pollutants. Biomonitoring. Indoor air quality index.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
|
Topics
|
Gas chromatography – calculations of concentrations of volatile organic compounds, work with analysis print-outs.
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-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Laboratory
|
4
|
Topics
|
Papers on chemical air pollutants.
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Bibliography
Required Reading
Vides veselība. - RSU, 2008. (akceptējams izdevums)
Additional Reading
Iekštelpu gaisa fizikālās īpašības un ventilācijas efektivitāte (1.-6. avoti): 1. HEVAC Humidity Group. Humidity and its Impact on Human Comfort and Wellbeing in Occupied Buildings. 2016.
2. Barry S.L. et al. Occupational and Environmental Health: Recognizing and Preventing Disease and Injury. 2011
3. Nadvorniy M. et al. General Hygiene & Environmental Health. 2005.
4. Operating Room Design Manual. Kamal M. Room Ventilation Systems. 2012
Gaisa ķīmisko rādītāju novērtēšana (7.-11. avoti): 7. Ministru Kabinets. 17.11.2009. Noteikumi par gaisa kvalitāti: MK noteikumi Nr. 1290. Latvijas Vēstnesis. 182.
8. VARAM. Normatīvā akta projekts. Gaisu piesārņojošo vielu emisiju samazināšanas rīcības plāns 2019. - 2030. gadam.
11. Methods for sampling and analysis of chemical pollutants in indoor air: supplementary publication to the screening tool for assessment of health risks from combined exposure to multiple chemicals in indoor air (2020).