Veidlapa Nr. M-3 (8)

Study Course Description

Blood Cells and Their Morphology

Main Study Course Information

Course Code

RHE_028

Branch of Science

Clinical medicine

ECTS

15.00

Target Audience

Medicine

LQF

Level 8

Study Course Implementer

Course Supervisor

Sandra Lejniece

Residency Speciality

Speciality

Hematologist

Supervisor of Medical Speciality

Sandra Lejniece

Contacts

About Study Course

Objective

To ensure acquisition and improvement of theoretical knowledge and practical skills related to blood cells and their morphology in accordance with the requirements of the haematology specialty in order to prepare the doctor for certification in the haematology specialty.

Learning Outcomes

Knowledge

1.- Will know about the causes of changes in the number of blood cells; - Will know about bone marrow aspiration and biopsy technology, indications for examinations; - Will know about staining of cytological smears of peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate, examination, drawing up a finding; - Will know about histopathology in case of haematological diseases and pathologist’s findings on biopsies of bone marrow, lymph nodes and other tissues; - Will know about immunohistochemical tests in case of haematological tumours.

Skills

1.- Will be able to perform bone marrow aspiration and biopsy; - Will be able to determine indications for performing bone marrow examinations; - Will be able to analyse pathologist’s histopathology and immunohistochemical findings about biopsies of bone marrow, lymph nodes and other tissues.

Competences

1.Performing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Evaluation of pathologist’s histopathology and immunohistochemical findings about biopsies of bone marrow, lymph nodes and other tissues.

Assessment

Individual work

Title	% from total grade	Grade
1. Individual work	-	-
1. Independently studies the literature related to the course topics; 2. Independently prepares for seminars.

Examination

Title	% from total grade	Grade
1. Examination	-	-
Mandatory attendance of seminars (100%) and performance of practical work (100%) in each study course.

Study Course Theme Plan

FULL-TIME

Part 1

Seminar

Modality	Location
-	-

Topics

Blood cell count obtained with an automated cell analyser. Causes of abnormal blood cell counts.

Seminar

Modality	Location
-	-

Topics

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy technology, indications for examinations. Further processing and examination of histological material.

Seminar

Modality	Location
-	-

Topics

Staining of cytological smears of peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate, examination, drawing up a finding.

Seminar

Modality	Location
-	-

Topics

Staining of peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates, special stains. Tests that show parasites in red blood cells.

Seminar

Modality	Location
-	-

Topics

Histopathology in case of haematological diseases. Pathologist’s findings on biopsies of bone marrow, lymph nodes and other tissues.

Seminar

Modality	Location
-	-

Topics

Immunohistochemical tests in case of haematological tumours (lymphoid lineage, myeloid lineage markers and differentiation markers).

Total ECTS (Creditpoints):

15.00

Number of Residency Seminars:

Length (weeks):

Final Examination:

Residency exam (Theory and practice)

Bibliography

Required Reading

Barbara J. Brain. Blood Cells: A Practical Guide. Wiley-Blackwell; 5. edition (23 Jan. 2015)

Askmyr M, Quach J, Purton LE. Effects of the bone marrow microenvironment on hematopoietic malignancy. Bone. 2011 Jan;48(1):115-20. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.06.003. Epub 2010 Jun 9. PMID: 20541047.

Shen Y, Nilsson SK. Bone, microenvironment and hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol. 2012 Jul;19(4):250-5. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e328353c714. PMID: 22504524.

Cao H, Oteiza A, Nilsson SK. Understanding the role of the microenvironment during definitive hemopoietic development. Exp Hematol. 2013 Sep;41(9):761-8. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.06.005. Epub 2013 Jun 22. PMID: 23800491.

Lesesve JF, Daigney A, Henry S, Speyer E. Fragmented red cells reference range (Sysmex XN(®) automated blood cell counter). Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2015 Sep-Oct;73(5):547-56. doi: 10.1684/abc.2015.1073. PMID: 26489813.

Di Ruberto C, Loddo A, Putzu L. Detection of red and white blood cells from microscopic blood images using a region proposal approach. Comput Biol Med. 2020 Jan;116:103530. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103530. Epub 2019 Nov 7. PMID: 31778895.

Riley LK, Rupert J. Evaluation of Patients with Leukocytosis. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Dec 1;92(11):1004-11. PMID: 26760415.

Flanagan B, Keber B, Mumford J, Lam L. Hematologic Conditions: Leukocytosis and Leukemia. FP Essent. 2019 Oct;485:17-23. PMID: 31613564.

George TI. Malignant or benign leukocytosis. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2012;2012:475-84. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2012.1.475. PMID: 23233622.

10.

Weinberg OK, Hasserjian RP. The current approach to the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes☆. Semin Hematol. 2019 Jan;56(1):15-21. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2018.05.015. Epub 2018 Jun 23. PMID: 30573039.

Additional Reading

Travlos GS. Normal structure, function, and histology of the bone marrow. Toxicol Pathol. 2006;34(5):548-65. doi: 10.1080/01926230600939856. PMID: 17067943.

Carlesso N, Cardoso AA. Stem cell regulatory niches and their role in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol. 2010 Jul;17(4):281-6. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e32833a25d8. PMID: 20473160.

Brown DC, Gatter KC. The bone marrow trephine biopsy: a review of normal histology. Histopathology. 1993 May;22(5):411-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.1993.tb00154.x. PMID: 8344653.

Dao KT. Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Updates and Nuances. Med Clin North Am. 2017 Mar;101(2):333-350. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2016.09.006. PMID: 28189174; PMCID: PMC5358800.