Veidlapa Nr. M-3 (8)
Study Course Description
General and Geriatric Physiology
Course Code
LSPA_147
Branch of Science
Health sciences
ECTS
6.00
Target Audience
Sports Trainer
LQF
Level 5
Study Type And Form
Full-Time
Study Course Implementer
Course Supervisor
Inese Pontaga
Structure Unit Manager
Uģis Ciematnieks
Structural Unit
Department of Sports Theory
Contacts
LSPA, Brīvības gatve 333, Riga, LV-1006
About Study Course
Objective
To obtain basic knowledge about morphological and physiological changes in a growing body and when ageing, about sensitive periods of development of physical properties.
Preliminary Knowledge
Knows the structure of the human body, organ systems and their key functions, is a basic knowledge of biology, chemistry and physics.
Learning Outcomes
Knowledge
1.Describes the functions of the healthy human body and methods, technologies for measuring physiological parameters
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology
2.Describes blood composition and functions
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology
3.Describes the structure and functions of the heart
Individual work and tests
Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
4.Describes the structure and functions of the circulatory system
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology
5.Explains the structure and functions of the respiratory system
Individual work and tests
Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
6.Explains the structure and functions of the digestive system
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Physiology of digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion
7.Describes metabolic and energy change processes in the body
Individual work and tests
Physiology of digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
8.Describes internal secretion glands, hormones and their functions
Individual work and tests
Physiology of digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
9.Explains the output system and thermal regulation functions
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Exhaust systems, temoregulations and muscle physiology
10.Explains muscle structure, types of muscle fibres, types of contractions, working modes and types of contractions
Individual work and tests
Exhaust systems, temoregulations and muscle physiology • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
11.Describes the functions and role of the central nervous system in motion regulation
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Physiology of the nervous system, motor movement control and sensory systems
12.Describe the sensory systems and their functions
Individual work and tests
Physiology of the nervous system, motor movement control and sensory systems • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
13.Describes aging periodization
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Periodisation of human life, physical development, physiological characterisation of children
14.Describes the anatomical and physiological characteristics of growing children, adolescents and young adults at certain stages of age
Individual work and tests
Periodisation of human life, physical development, physiological characterisation of children • Physiological characteristics of adolescents, young people and the elderly • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
15.Explains ageing processes in human organ systems
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Physiological characteristics of adolescents, young people and the elderly
16.Justify the role of physical exercises in promoting physical development, developing and maintaining working capacity
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work
Skills
1.Determines heart rate, counts heart rate
Individual work and tests
Sound of heart tone, measurement of arterial blood pressure, determination of heart rate and pulse, observation of eye-heart reflex. • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
2.Measures arterial blood pressure
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Sound of heart tone, measurement of arterial blood pressure, determination of heart rate and pulse, observation of eye-heart reflex.
3.Detects static pulmonary volumes
Individual work and tests
Determination of static pulmonary volumes (spirometry) • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
4.Measures muscle strength
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Measuring the maximum isometric force of finger bending muscles and spinal straightening muscles
5.Detects tendon reflexes
Individual work and tests
Determination of tendon reflexes • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
6.Measures the accuracy and vestibular stability of kinaesthetic sensations
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Sensory systems
7.Measures human anthropometric parameters
Individual work and tests
Anthropometry • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
Competences
1.Analyses the main physiological functional indicators of blood composition, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, evaluates them against norm or literature data
Individual work and tests
Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
2.Assess the main digestive systems, metabolic and energy changes, internal secretions, outputs, vision, hearing, physiological indicators of vestibular and kinaesthetic sensations, compared to norm and literature data
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Exhaust systems, temoregulations and muscle physiology • Physiology of digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion • Physiology of the nervous system, motor movement control and sensory systems
3.Analyses possible causes of deviation of physiological parameters from the norm
Individual work and tests
Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology • Physiology of digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
4.Approximates the biological age of children and adolescents and the degree of sexual development of adolescents
Individual work and tests
Preparation for tests and laboratory work • Periodisation of human life, physical development, physiological characterisation of children • Physiological characteristics of adolescents, young people and the elderly
5.Justifies the choice of the appropriate sports load and training method for each age stage
Individual work and tests
Physiological characteristics of adolescents, young people and the elderly • Periodisation of human life, physical development, physiological characterisation of children • Preparation for tests and laboratory work
Assessment
Individual work
|
Title
|
% from total grade
|
Grade
|
|---|---|---|
|
1.
Preparation for tests and laboratory work |
-
|
-
|
|
Prepare for the tests by learning the lecture materials included in the e-study course by reading compulsory literature. Prepare for laboratory work by reading their descriptions in the e-course |
||
Examination
|
Title
|
% from total grade
|
Grade
|
|---|---|---|
|
1.
Sound of heart tone, measurement of arterial blood pressure, determination of heart rate and pulse, observation of eye-heart reflex. |
-
|
Test
|
|
Sounds heart tones with phonendoscope, measures arterial blood pressure, observes eye-heart reflex. |
||
|
2.
Determination of static pulmonary volumes (spirometry) |
-
|
Test
|
|
The laboratory work shall determine the static volumes of the lungs using the water and dry spirometer. |
||
|
3.
Blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology |
16.66% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
A test with many choice questions about blood, cardiac, circulatory and respiratory physiology. |
||
|
4.
Physiology of digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion |
16.66% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
A test with many choice questions about digestion, metabolism, energy change and internal secretion. |
||
|
5.
Exhaust systems, temoregulations and muscle physiology |
16.66% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
A test with many choice questions about the output system, thermal regulation and muscle physiology. |
||
|
6.
Measuring the maximum isometric force of finger bending muscles and spinal straightening muscles |
-
|
Test
|
|
Lab work on measuring muscle strength. |
||
|
7.
Sensory systems |
-
|
Test
|
|
Laboratory work on determining precision and vestibular stability of kinaesthetic sensations. |
||
|
8.
Determination of tendon reflexes |
-
|
Test
|
|
Laboratory work on the detection of tendon reflexes. |
||
|
9.
Physiology of the nervous system, motor movement control and sensory systems |
16.66% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
Test with multiple choice questions about the nervous system and sensory systems. |
||
|
10.
Anthropometry |
-
|
Test
|
|
Laboratory work on analysis of body structure and mass composition. |
||
|
11.
Periodisation of human life, physical development, physiological characterisation of children |
16.68% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
A test of many choice questions about age physiology topics, childhood characteristics. |
||
|
12.
Physiological characteristics of adolescents, young people and the elderly |
16.68% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
A test of many choice questions about the physiological characteristics of adolescents, young people and the elderly. |
||
Study Course Theme Plan
FULL-TIME
Part 1
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Characterisation of the physiological object. Research methods in physiology
Description
General characterisation of the subject matter of physiology and research methods. |
|
Blood physiology
Description
Blood composition and functions. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Blood physiology
Description
Blood composition and functions. |
|
Cardiac physiology
Description
The structure and functions of the heart, the characteristics of the heart muscle. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Cardiac physiology
Description
The structure and functions of the heart, the characteristics of the heart muscle. |
|
Circulatory physiology
Description
Circulatory arcs, blood pressure, circulation in arteries, capillaries and veins. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Cardiac physiology
Description
The structure and functions of the heart, the characteristics of the heart muscle. |
|
Circulatory physiology
Description
Circulatory arcs, blood pressure, circulation in arteries, capillaries and veins. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Respiratory physiology
Description
Respiratory and lung functions, external internal and tissue breathing. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Respiratory physiology
Description
Respiratory and lung functions, external internal and tissue breathing. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Characterisation of the physiological object. Research methods in physiology
Description
General characterisation of the subject matter of physiology and research methods. |
|
Blood physiology
Description
Blood composition and functions. |
|
Cardiac physiology
Description
The structure and functions of the heart, the characteristics of the heart muscle. |
|
Circulatory physiology
Description
Circulatory arcs, blood pressure, circulation in arteries, capillaries and veins. |
|
Respiratory physiology
Description
Respiratory and lung functions, external internal and tissue breathing. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Digestive physiology
Description
Digestive organs and their functions. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Metabolism and energy change
Description
Characteristics of metabolism and energy change. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Internal secretion
Description
Internal secretion glands and hormones. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Digestive physiology
Description
Digestive organs and their functions. |
|
Metabolism and energy change
Description
Characteristics of metabolism and energy change. |
|
Internal secretion
Description
Internal secretion glands and hormones. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Exhaust system and thermal regulation
Description
Characteristics of the output system and thermal regulation. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Exhaust system and thermal regulation
Description
Characteristics of the output system and thermal regulation. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Muscle physiology
Description
Types of muscles, musculoskeletal working modes and types of contractions. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Muscle physiology
Description
Types of muscles, musculoskeletal working modes and types of contractions. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Muscle physiology
Description
Types of muscles, musculoskeletal working modes and types of contractions. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Exhaust system and thermal regulation
Description
Characteristics of the output system and thermal regulation. |
|
Muscle physiology
Description
Types of muscles, musculoskeletal working modes and types of contractions. |
Total ECTS (Creditpoints):
3.00
Contact hours:
34 Academic Hours
Final Examination:
Test (Semester)
Part 2
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of the nervous system and motor movement control
Description
Central and peripheral nervous system functions, motor movement control. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of the nervous system and motor movement control
Description
Central and peripheral nervous system functions, motor movement control. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of the nervous system and motor movement control
Description
Central and peripheral nervous system functions, motor movement control. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of the nervous system and motor movement control
Description
Central and peripheral nervous system functions, motor movement control. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of sensory systems
Description
Visual, auditory, vestibular, kinaesthetic sensory systems. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of sensory systems
Description
Visual, auditory, vestibular, kinaesthetic sensory systems. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of sensory systems
Description
Visual, auditory, vestibular, kinaesthetic sensory systems. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiology of the nervous system and motor movement control
Description
Central and peripheral nervous system functions, motor movement control. |
|
Physiology of sensory systems
Description
Visual, auditory, vestibular, kinaesthetic sensory systems. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Periods of human life, physical development, influencing factors, body mass composition, anthropometry
Description
In the general part of aging physiology. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Periods of human life, physical development, influencing factors, body mass composition, anthropometry
Description
In the general part of aging physiology. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Periods of human life, physical development, influencing factors, body mass composition, anthropometry
Description
In the general part of aging physiology. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiological characterisation of children of early, first and second childhood age
Description
The peculiarities of childhood ageing. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiological characterisation of children of early, first and second childhood age
Description
The peculiarities of childhood ageing. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Periods of human life, physical development, influencing factors, body mass composition, anthropometry
Description
In the general part of aging physiology. |
|
Physiological characterisation of children of early, first and second childhood age
Description
The peculiarities of childhood ageing. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiological characteristics of adolescents and young people
Description
The peculiarities of adolescence and youth age. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiological characteristics of adolescents and young people
Description
The peculiarities of adolescence and youth age. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Characterisation of the ageing processes of the human body
Description
Physiological characterisation of the elderly. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Characterisation of the ageing processes of the human body
Description
Physiological characterisation of the elderly. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Auditorium
|
2
|
Topics
|
Physiological characteristics of adolescents and young people
Description
The peculiarities of adolescence and youth age. |
|
Characterisation of the ageing processes of the human body
Description
Physiological characterisation of the elderly. |
Total ECTS (Creditpoints):
3.00
Contact hours:
38 Academic Hours
Final Examination:
Exam
Bibliography
Required Reading
1.
Aberberga-Augškalne L. Fizioloģija rehabilitologiem un veselības sporta speciālistiem. SIA Nacionālais apgāds. Rīga, 2008., 215 lpp. (akcpetējams izdevums)
2.
Voitkeviča L. Asinis. Sirds. Asinsrite. Elpošana. LSPA - Rīga, 2015., 80.lpp. (akceptējams izdevums).
3.
Pontaga I. Izvadprocesi organismā. Termoregulācija. Iekšējā sekrēcija. Mācību līdzeklis LSPA studentiem. LSPA, Rīga – 2005, 54 lpp. (akceptējams izdevums).
4.
Pontaga I. Muskuļu fizioloģija. Mācību līdzeklis LSPA studentiem. LSPA – Rīga, 2007., 42 lpp. (akcpetējams izdevums).
5.
Pontaga I. Uzbudināmo audu fizioloģija. Nervu sistēmas vispārējā organizācija. Sensoro sistēmu fizioloģija. Mācību LSPA studentiem. Rīga, 2001., 105 lpp. (akcpetējams izdevums).
6.
Pontaga, I. (2012). Vecumposmu fizioloģija. 1.daļa. Metodiskais līdzeklis, LSPA, Rīga, 87 lpp. (akceptējams izdevums).
7.
Pontaga, I. (2012). Vecumposmu fizioloģija. 2.daļa. Metodiskais līdzeklis, LSPA, Rīga, 36 lpp. (akceptējams izdevums).
8.
Malina, R., M. (2025). Growth, Maturation, Physical Activity and Sport. Human Kinetics, 3rd edition, 688 p. (lasīt pasniedzēja e-kursā norādītās lapas).Suitable for English stream
Additional Reading
1.
Pontaga, I., & Ūdre, V. (2008). Bērnu un pusaudžu fizisko spēju attīstīšanas bioloģiskais pamatojums. Bērnu un pusaudžu trenera rokasgrāmata (Galv. redaktors J.Žīdens), Latvijas Treneru tālākizglītības centrs, Rīga, 54-69. (akceptējams izdevums).
2.
Welsh C.& Prentice-Craver C. Hole's Human Anatomy and Physiology. 16th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2024.Suitable for English stream
3.
Thompson G.S. Understanding Anatomy & Physiology. 3rd Edition, F. A. Davis Company; 2024, 606 p.Suitable for English stream
Other Information Sources
1.
Aberberga-Augškalne L., Koroļova O. Fizioloģija ārstiem. SIA Medicīnas apgāds. Rīga, 2021., 492 lpp.
2.
Silverthorn D. Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach, 8th Edition, Pearson, 2018, 992 p.Suitable for English stream
3.
Koeppen B.M. & Stanton B.A. Berne & Levy Physiology (Hall J.M.& Swiatecka-Urban A. Eds.) 8th Edition. Elsevier, 2023, 864 p.Suitable for English stream
4.
Khurana I.& Khurana A. Concise textbook of Physiology, 4th Edition. Elsevier, 2022, 572 p.Suitable for English stream
5.
Malina, R., M., Baxter-Jones, A., D., G., Armstrong, N., et al. (2013). Role of Intensive Training in the Growth and Maturation of Artistic Gymnasts ((Review article). Sports Medicine, 43, 783–802. (akceptējams izdevums).Suitable for English stream
6.
Tanner, J., M., & Preece, M.,A. (1989). The Physiology of Human Growth. Cambridge University Press, 232 p. (akceptējams izdevums).Suitable for English stream