Veidlapa Nr. M-3 (8)

Course Description Status: Approved

Course Description Version: 25/26.R.1.00

Description Period: 2025./26 academic year rudens semestris

Study Course Accepted: -

Study Course Description

Pathology

Main Study Course Information

Course Code
PAK_058
Branch of Science
Clinical medicine
ECTS
12.00
Target Audience
Medicine
LQF
Level 7
Study Type And Form
Full-Time

Study Course Implementer

Course Supervisor
Ilze Štrumfa
Structure Unit Manager
Ilze Štrumfa
Structural Unit
Department of Pathology
Contacts

9A Kuldigas Street, Riga, LV-1007, Latvija; pak@rsu.lv; phone +371 67815096

About Study Course

Objective

1. To ensure the studies in human pathology, covering morphological and functional aspects of general pathological processes and pathogenesis of different diseases. Thus, the course serves as a theoretical basis for further acquisition of clinical courses, developing comprehensively educated doctors. The programme in pathology should provide an integrated understanding of the morphological and functional components of disease pathogenesis. 2. To provide a practical overview of pathology as a diagnostic branch of medicine at a level appropriate to the needs of a general practitioner.

Preliminary Knowledge

Cell biology, anatomy, histology, genetics, normal physiology and biochemistry. For the acquisition of integrated knowledge, it is recommended to study the course concomitantly with the introduction to clinical courses, such as diagnosis in internal medicine and general surgery.

Learning Outcomes

Knowledge

1.As a result of the completion of the study course, the student will know and be able to explain in a reasoned manner the nature, causes and risk factors of various diseases and general pathological processes, pathogenesis and its representation in clinical processes, laboratory and imaging examinations, possible complications and consequences, outcomes.

2.The general pathological processes to be learned cover general aspects of inflammation and wound healing, fever, peripheral circulatory disorders, hypoxia, tumor development, cell damage and compensating adjustment responses, fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders, and stress response.

3.In the section of special pathology, students learn cardiovascular, kidney, gastrointestinal, liver and bile duct, pancreatic, bone, central nervous system, breast, hematological and endocrine disease pathogenesis issues as the basis for further clinical studies, understanding and detection of clinical symptoms and laboratory changes.

Skills

1.The student will be able to reasonably assess the pathogenesis of common diseases, to relate them to clinical manifestations and diagnostic bases of the diseases, and to take practical steps to organise tissue and / or laboratory examinations required by GP or a specialist, interpret and critically analyze their results.

Competences

1.The competences in pathogenesis of different diseases will allow to interpret clinical situations in regard to the underlying morphological and functional events, to predict the outcomes and complications. The theoretical understanding of the disease will become the basis for developing evidence-based clinical competence.

Assessment

Individual work

Title
% from total grade
Grade
1.

Individual work
-
-
During the studies the student must acquire the study materials of the Department of Pathology corresponding to the thematic plan.

Examination

Title
% from total grade
Grade
1.

Examination
50.00% from total grade
10 points

Knowledge is assessed by regular multiple-choice tests and colloquia during the studies, as well as by the examination at the end of the course. The skills are assessed by clinical exercises (including 2 image analysis) in regular classes, colloquia (not exceeding 80 theoretical questions and interpretation of laboratory examinations per colloquium) and a written examination at the end of the study course, consisting of 100 theoretical questions, image analysis, clinical tasks or interpretation tasks of laboratory examinations. The argumentation in the colloquia and exam show students’ competence in applying the obtained knowledge in order to explain and analyse clinical situations, to predict the outcome and/or complications.
2.

Exam
50.00% from total grade
10 points

At the end of the study course, students take a written exam consisting of 100 theoretical questions and 4 objectively structured imaging elements, clinical tasks or tasks for interpreting laboratory examinations.

Study Course Theme Plan

FULL-TIME
Part 1

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Disease as a process. Definitions and terminology.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Hypoxia.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Tumours of the soft tissue. Melanocytic tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

The spread of malignant tumours around the body. Insights into the TNM classification.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Cardiovascular diseases: heart valve diseases, their causes and haemodynamic effects.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Hypohydration. Hyperhydration.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Renal and urogenital tumours.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Inflammation: the basics and morphological manifestations.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Cardiovascular diseases: inflammation. Insights into cardiomyopathy.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Tumours of the soft tissue. Melanocytic tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Chronic renal disease. Causes of chronic renal disease.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Disturbances of acid-base balance.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Fever. Disturbances of thermoregulation.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Peripheral circulatory disorders.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Nature and manifestations of acute inflammation.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Cardiovascular diseases: atherosclerosis.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Breast pathology.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Turbointerstitial, cystic and vascular kidney diseases. Urolithiasis.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Basic characteristics of tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Compensatory adaptation processes.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Atherosclerosis.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Systemic and laboratory manifestations of inflammation. Mediators of inflammation.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Nature and manifestations of chronic inflammation.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Acute and chronic heart failure.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Diffuse renal diseases.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Introduction into pathology. The concept of disease process, aetiology and pathogenesis

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Basic characteristics of tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Renal and urogenital tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Cell damage.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Acute kidney failure. Disturbances of electrolyte balance.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Tumours of the soft tissue. Melanocytic tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Disturbances of acid-base balance.
Total ECTS (Creditpoints):
6.00
Contact hours:
72 Academic Hours
Final Examination:
Test (Semester)
Part 2

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Coagulation disorders. Thrombosis, thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism (PE).

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Pathology of large intestine.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Liver pathology.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Autoimmune diseases: pathogenesis of selected clinical entities.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the CNS. Tumours of the CNS.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Bone pathology: diffuse bone diseases.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Disturbances of calcium turnover.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Endocrine pathology I: thyroid and parathyroid gland diseases.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Benign and malignant tumours of the large intestine.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Focal pathological processes in bones: fractures and their healing, inflammation and tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Diseases of pancreas.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Pathology of red blood cells.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Haematological tumours and their differential diagnosis.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Endocrine pathology II: diseases of the pituitary and adrenal glands.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Inflammatory diseases and functional disorders of the large intestine. Diarrhoea, vomiting and the association of these conditions with dehydration. Malabsorption.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Pathology of red blood cells.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Platelet disorders.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Oesophageal and gastric pathology.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Non-neoplastic pathology of white blood cells.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Vascular pathology of the central nervous system (CNS). The role of atherosclerosis in the pathogenesis of clinically relevant diseases.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Diseases of gall bladder and bile ducts.

  1. Lecture

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Jaundice/ hyperbilirubinaemia: pathological mechanisms and types.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Inflammation and dysfunction of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Cirrhosis of the liver. Liver failure. Jaundice and its differential diagnosis.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Diffuse liver diseases.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Focal liver lesions. Tumours: clinically relevant manifestations of pathogenesis.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Auditorium
2

Topics

Gastric and oesophageal tumours.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Pathology of red blood cells.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Diabetes mellitus; its early and late complications.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Diabetes mellitus; its early and late complications.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Colloquium.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Haematological tumours and their differential diagnosis.

  1. Class/Seminar

Modality
Location
Contact hours
On site
Study room
2

Topics

Cirrhosis of the liver. Liver failure. Jaundice and its differential diagnosis.
Total ECTS (Creditpoints):
6.00
Contact hours:
72 Academic Hours
Final Examination:
Exam (Written)

Bibliography

Required Reading

1.

RSU MF Patoloģijas katedras lekciju un nodarbību e-materiāli patoloģijā // Original study materials, prepared by the teachers' team of the Department of Pathology, RSU. The materials are available in the e-studiesSuitable for English stream

Additional Reading

1.

Robbins and Cotran. Pathologic Basis of Disease. 8th ed. Kumar, V., Abbas, A. K., Fausto, N., Aster, J. (eds). Elsevier, 2021.

2.

Robbins. Basic Pathology. 7th ed. Kumar, V., Cotran, R. S., Robbins, S. L. (eds). Saunders, Philadelphia, 2023, 873 lpp.

3.

Pathophysiology: the Biologic basis for Disease in Adults and Children. 5th ed. McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E. (eds). Elsevier Mosby, USA, 1780 lpp. 2019

4.

Rosai and Ackerman's. Surgical Pathology. 2 sējumu komplekts ar CD-ROM, 3000 lpp., Mosby, 2018.

5.

Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology. 5th ed. Mills, S. E, Carter, D., Greenson, J. K, Reuter, V. E., Stoler, M. H. (eds). 3104 lpp, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2022.