Veidlapa Nr. M-3 (8)
Study Course Description
Cytology and Genetics
Course Code
BUMK_003
Branch of Science
Biological sciences; Environmental biotechnology; Genetics; Medical biotechnology
ECTS
3.00
Target Audience
Pharmacy
LQF
Level 7
Study Type And Form
Full-Time
Study Course Implementer
Course Supervisor
Madara Auzenbaha
Structure Unit Manager
Juta Kroiča
Structural Unit
Department of Biology and Microbiology
Contacts
Riga, 16 Dzirciema Street, bmk@rsu.lv, +371 67061584
About Study Course
Objective
To acquire knowledge about a person as a single system; about the role of genetic processes in maintaining health and ensuring homoeostasis; about the importance of processes at the cellular level, on which the functioning of the organism as a whole depends, the role of molecular biology and genetics in the development of new medicines; creating the basis for more specialised studies in the field of medicine, as well as acquire the necessary skills for using this knowledge in their daily practice.
Preliminary Knowledge
The basic knowledge in biology (high school level).
Learning Outcomes
Knowledge
1.As part of the study course, students acquire basic knowledge of cell functions, involvement in human pathology. Learn the life cycle of cells, including types of cell division. Learn Mendel’s laws. Know the types of inheritance and the most common signs. Able to solve clinical genetic problems at a basic level. Gain insight into pharmacogenetics and modern treatment methods, including gene therapy.
Skills
1.Students use optical microscopes, prepare simple micropreparations; recognise various eukaryotic cells. Able to describe oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Compile and analyse family trees of various types of inheritance; solve simple tasks in genetics and molecular biology.
Competences
1.Students analyse situations in medical genetics. Evaluate the importance of organoids in the functioning of tissues, organs and the body. Know how to make a family tree.
Assessment
Individual work
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Title
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% from total grade
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Grade
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|---|---|---|
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1.
Individual work |
-
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-
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During the study course, students independently perform laboratory work, according to the protocol – preparation of simple micropreparations, for example, hair, onion preparation, osmosis in plant and animal cells. Students independently solve simple tasks in genetics. At the end of each class, the student submits a protocol for which they receive feedback. Within the framework of the study course, each student prepares a presentation on a treatment method, based on the knowledge in molecular biology.
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Examination
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Title
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% from total grade
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Grade
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|---|---|---|
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1.
Examination |
-
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-
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Every week the student must take a short test. In order to admit the student to the colloquium, all protocols must be submitted.
Students’ knowledge and skills are assessed in 2 colloquia in the 1st semester:
• 1st colloquium – in cell biology
• 2nd colloquium – in medical genetics
In each of the colloquia, the student has the opportunity to get an extra point if they successfully complete the weekly tests. In the second colloquium, it is possible to get one more additional point if the independent work is successfully completed – a presentation on a treatment method based on knowledge in molecular biology.
The final grade is made up of the cumulative assessment from the sum of the grades of both colloquia, divided by 2, if the grade is not a whole number, the student receives the higher of the two grades.
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Study Course Theme Plan
FULL-TIME
Part 1
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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The subject of human biology. Diversity of life forms. Cell structure of living organisms. Cell theory. Prokaryotes, eukaryotes. Biological membranes. The structure and function of the plasma membrane. Transport of substances through the membrane. Cell communication. Membrane defects as a cause of human disease.
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Cytoplasm, its components. Hyaloplasm. Inclusions. Organoids, their structure and functions. Organoid structure and function disorders – the cause of pathologies in the body.
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Cell nucleus and its compound. Types of chromatin. Chromosomes. Human karyotype.
Cell cycle, its regulation, control and pathologies. Types of cell division. Mitosis. Cell death
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-
Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Meiosis. Gametogenesis. Pathologies of the gametogenesis. Conception and implantation
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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The molecular basis of heredity. Nucleic acids, their structure, functions. Gene as the basic unit of heredity.
Characterisation of the human genome. DNA replication. Transcription. Translation. Genetic code.
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Human genetics. Genetic methods. The main regularities of trait inheritance. Mendelian traits. Types of gene interaction, importance thereof in human genetics. Gene linkage.
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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The main types of trait inheritance. Analysis of different types of inheritance. Monogenic types of inheritance. Human traits, examples of congenital anomalies. Multifactorial type of inheritance. Mitochondrial type of inheritance. Importance of genetic pathology in clinical practice.
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Variation. Phenotypic and genotypic variation. Mutations, types thereof. Changes in the structure and number of chromosomes, clinical consequences thereof. Introduction to pharmacogenetics.
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Structure of the optical microscope, work with it. Diversity of living organisms. Prokaryotes. Eukaryotes. Analysis of micropreparations.
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Transport through the plasma membrane. Laboratory work: osmotic properties of a cell.
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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The structure of the cell nucleus. Types of cell division. Mitosis. Mitosis disorders. Cell death. Analysis of micropreparations.
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Types of cell division. Meiosis. Gametogenesis. Analysis of micropreparations. Interactive tasks.
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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The molecular basis of heredity. Nucleic acids. DNA replication. Transcription, translation. Genetic code. Clinical case tasks.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Dominant and recessive inheritance, tasks based on Mendel’s laws and gene linkage.
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-
Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Family tree analysis. Clinical-genetic tasks related to types of inheritance.
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Auditorium
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2
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Topics
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Basics of pharmacogenetics. Personalised medicine. Multifactorial type of inheritance. Interactive tasks.
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Total ECTS (Creditpoints):
3.00
Contact hours:
32 Academic Hours
Final Examination:
Exam (Written)
Bibliography
Required Reading
1.
Pollard T. D., Earnshaw W. C. Cell biology 3rd edition. – Elsevier Science (USA), 2016.
2.
Nagle E. Bioloģija vidusskolai – 2010 (akceptējams izdevums)
3.
Krūmiņa, A, Eikariotu šūnu bioloģija : citoloģiskie, molekulāri bioloģiskie un ģenētiskie aspekti. Rīga: RSU, 2015.
4.
Lekciju materiāls
5.
Sausiņa L. Bioloģija vidusskolai, 3 - 2009 (akceptējams izdevums)
6.
Balodis V. un citi Rokasgrāmata bioloģijā - 2015
7.
Ārvalstu studentiem/For international students
8.
Pollard T. D., Earnshaw W. C. Cell biology 3rd edition. – Elsevier Science (USA), 2016.
Additional Reading
1.
Selga Tūrs. Šūnu bioloģija. LU akadēmiskais apgāds. 2008.
2.
Groma V. Šūna : uzbūve, funkcijas, molekulārie pamati - 2012.
3.
Turnpenny P. D., Ellard S. – Emery’s elements of medical genetics, Elsevier; 16th edition (February 9, 2021)
4.
Ārvalstu studentiem/For international students
5.
Turnpenny P. D., Ellard S. – Emery’s elements of medical genetics, Elsevier; 16th edition (February 9, 2021)
Other Information Sources
1.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov