Veidlapa Nr. M-3 (8)
Study Course Description
Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Social Sciences
Course Code
SZF_199
Branch of Science
Economics and Business; Law; Media and communications; Other social sciences; Political science; Sociology and social work
ECTS
6.00
Target Audience
Business Management; Civil and Military Defense; Communication Science; Information and Communication Science; Juridical Science; Management Science; Political Science; Social Anthropology; Sociology
LQF
Level 7
Study Type And Form
Full-Time
Study Course Implementer
Course Supervisor
Toms Rātfelders
Structure Unit Manager
Ieva Puzo
Structural Unit
Faculty of Social Sciences
Contacts
Dzirciema street 16, Rīga, szf@rsu.lv
About Study Course
Objective
The study course aims to promote students’ understanding of the main qualitative and quantitative research methods in social sciences to be able to critically evaluate and apply the acquired knowledge to different types of research. Students will learn the main qualitative and quantitative methods (and their common characteristics) as well as the mixed methods approach. During the course, students will develop skills to analyze, understand, interpret, and distinguish qualitative and quantitative scientific evidence, as well as acquire essential competencies in the development of qualitative and quantitative research designs.
Preliminary Knowledge
A basic understanding of descriptive statistics and basic Stata proficiency will facilitate the study process.
Learning Outcomes
Knowledge
1.Define the essential elements of scientific research in Social sciences: dependent variables, independent variables, mediator variables, moderator variables, hypotheses, literature review, scientific evidence, theory, ethics, method, methodology, and positionality
Individual work and tests
Test at the end of the course
2.Define and contrast different approaches to research in Social sciences
Individual work and tests
Test at the end of the course
3.Define and contrast the main principles of qualitative and quantitative studies
Individual work and tests
Test at the end of the course
4.Define and contrast the main quantitative and qualitative methods of social science research and the basic principles of data analysis
Individual work and tests
Test at the end of the course
5.Define and contrast conclusive and inconclusive scientific evidence for each method
Individual work and tests
Test at the end of the course
Skills
1.Recognize the key features of different types of studies in published scientific research
Individual work and tests
Seminar discussions on the application of methods and methodologies in published scientific research
2.Identify and contrast the basic principles of scientific research and the usage of research methods in published studies
Individual work and tests
Seminar discussions on the application of methods and methodologies in published scientific research
3.Evaluate conclusive and inconclusive scientific evidence in published studies
Individual work and tests
Seminar discussions on the application of methods and methodologies in published scientific research
4.To be able to process and evaluate quantitative data using the Stata software
Individual work and tests
Statistical lab assignments
Competences
1.Capability to construct a quantitative research design
Individual work and tests
The crafting and defense of quantitative and qualitative research design
2.Capability to construct a qualitative research design
Individual work and tests
The crafting and defense of quantitative and qualitative research design
3.Capability to defend the quantitative design in front of an audience
Individual work and tests
The crafting and defense of quantitative and qualitative research design
4.Capability to defend the qualitative esign in front of an audience
Individual work and tests
The crafting and defense of quantitative and qualitative research design
Assessment
Individual work
|
Title
|
% from total grade
|
Grade
|
|---|---|---|
|
1.
Statistical lab assignments |
25.00% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
Each statistical lab will be followed by an assignment, where the group of 5 students has to submit a summary (1 page) that features an overview of the main analytical indicators for the particular method. Stata software should be used for this task. Submission deadline: the subsequent week. The main focus in evaluating this task is the ability of students to use the required code in the software to process the dataset (50%) and then interpret the analysis results (50%). |
||
|
2.
Seminar discussions on the application of methods and methodologies in published scientific research |
25.00% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
The course will feature seminar discussions that aim to improve the student's ability to recognize different types of research and critically evaluate the application of methods and methodology in published scholarly work. The students will be asked to define the research question, the method and argument used, and the evidence presented. The central part of the seminar mark (60%) will given according to the student involvement (activity) in the discussion. The remainder (40%) will be given according to the student's ability to effectively identify and critically evaluate the essential elements of the research analyzed. |
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Examination
|
Title
|
% from total grade
|
Grade
|
|---|---|---|
|
1.
Test at the end of the course |
25.00% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
At the end of the course, students must complete a factological test featuring 30 questions. The test examines the understanding of key concepts and their defining elements covered in class. Each multiple-choice question consists of four possible answers. |
||
|
2.
The crafting and defense of quantitative and qualitative research design |
25.00% from total grade
|
10 points
|
|
Students in groups of around 20 must submit a set of research design components for their proposed study each week. The first two weeks are dedicated to qualitative design, and the latter weeks are dedicated to quantitative design. |
||
Study Course Theme Plan
FULL-TIME
Lectures and seminars planned
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Scientific view of the world and types of research. Methods and methodology in scientific research
Description
As part of the topic, students will learn basic principles of scientific thinking. With an orientation to Master’s thesis writing, they will gain insight into different research types and fundamentals of scientific evidence. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Fundamentals in qualitative and quantitative research
Description
As part of the topic, students will gain insight into fundamental research components: (a) research question, (b) hypothesis, (c) variables and their types, (d) causality and its mechanisms, (e) theory, and (f) literature review. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Qualitative text analysis
Description
Qualitative text analysis is often viewed as the principal qualitative method. Students will learn key principles of (a) content analysis, (b) discourse analysis, (c) thematic analysis, and (f) interpretation of legal provisions. |
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Qualitative text analysis
Description
Qualitative text analysis is often viewed as the principal qualitative method. Students will learn key principles of (a) content analysis, (b) discourse analysis, (c) thematic analysis, and (f) interpretation of legal provisions. |
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
|
Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Qualitative text analysis
Description
Qualitative text analysis is often viewed as the principal qualitative method. Students will learn key principles of (a) content analysis, (b) discourse analysis, (c) thematic analysis, and (f) interpretation of legal provisions. |
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Lecture
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Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Interviews and focus groups
Description
Interviews and focus groups are methods widely applied in anthropology, political science, and other branches of social science. The lecture introduces students to the basic principles of structured, unstructured, and semi-structured interviews and the varieties of focus groups. The seminar discussions will focus on literature that features the application of these methods. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Field research and observations
Description
Field research and observations have become important approaches to research in anthropology, political science, economics, and other social science fields. The lecture will focus on the basic principles of field research and the role of observations within them. In addition, the significance of ethics and positionality will also be discussed. Seminars will be focused on discussing the papers featuring these approaches. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Process tracing
Description
Establishing a causal link is also possible in a qualitative study. The method that is intended to achieve this goal is process tracing. It focuses on identifying causal mechanisms between X and Y and seeks to be aware of potential additional factors that could play a role in the relationship. Within the lecture, students will acquire knowledge of the basic principles of process tracing. They will be able to define what are the causal mechanisms, “backdoor criteria,” and “side door criteria.” In the seminar, students will seek to evaluate process tracing in published research. |
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
|
Study room
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2
|
Topics
|
Interviews and focus groups
Description
Interviews and focus groups are methods widely applied in anthropology, political science, and other branches of social science. The lecture introduces students to the basic principles of structured, unstructured, and semi-structured interviews and the varieties of focus groups. The seminar discussions will focus on literature that features the application of these methods. |
|
Field research and observations
Description
Field research and observations have become important approaches to research in anthropology, political science, economics, and other social science fields. The lecture will focus on the basic principles of field research and the role of observations within them. In addition, the significance of ethics and positionality will also be discussed. Seminars will be focused on discussing the papers featuring these approaches. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Process tracing
Description
Establishing a causal link is also possible in a qualitative study. The method that is intended to achieve this goal is process tracing. It focuses on identifying causal mechanisms between X and Y and seeks to be aware of potential additional factors that could play a role in the relationship. Within the lecture, students will acquire knowledge of the basic principles of process tracing. They will be able to define what are the causal mechanisms, “backdoor criteria,” and “side door criteria.” In the seminar, students will seek to evaluate process tracing in published research. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Network analysis
Description
The social world can be seen as a set of relationships forming networks. Awareness of these networks allows researchers to understand unwritten/imperceptible centers of power and how relationships function in a particular environment (e.g., village) in a more comprehensive manner. Within the lecture, students will learn the basic principles of network analysis and will be able to define concepts such as “homophily,” “bonds,” “nodes,” etc. In the seminar, students will analyze this method in published research. |
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
|
Topics
|
Network analysis
Description
The social world can be seen as a set of relationships forming networks. Awareness of these networks allows researchers to understand unwritten/imperceptible centers of power and how relationships function in a particular environment (e.g., village) in a more comprehensive manner. Within the lecture, students will learn the basic principles of network analysis and will be able to define concepts such as “homophily,” “bonds,” “nodes,” etc. In the seminar, students will analyze this method in published research. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
|
Study room
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2
|
Topics
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Surveys, forecasting and expert assessment
Description
Surveys, forecasting, and expert assessment can be used in economic research and other social science fields. During the lecture, students will be presented with the basic principles of these methods and the basic elements of descriptive statistics and sampling. Students will also develop their interpretation skills in statistical lab sections when using the abovementioned methods. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Surveys, forecasting and expert assessment
Description
Surveys, forecasting, and expert assessment can be used in economic research and other social science fields. During the lecture, students will be presented with the basic principles of these methods and the basic elements of descriptive statistics and sampling. Students will also develop their interpretation skills in statistical lab sections when using the abovementioned methods. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Bivariate hypothesis tests
Description
Bivariate hypothesis tests can be used to establish a statistical relationship between two variables. Students will learn the basics of Chi-Square, correlation, T-test, and ANOVA models in the lectures. Students' skills to interpret the results of these methods will also be strengthened within the framework of statistical laboratories. Finally, within the seminars, students will also analyze and critically evaluate these methods within the published scholarly work. |
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Bivariate hypothesis tests
Description
Bivariate hypothesis tests can be used to establish a statistical relationship between two variables. Students will learn the basics of Chi-Square, correlation, T-test, and ANOVA models in the lectures. Students' skills to interpret the results of these methods will also be strengthened within the framework of statistical laboratories. Finally, within the seminars, students will also analyze and critically evaluate these methods within the published scholarly work. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Bivariate hypothesis tests
Description
Bivariate hypothesis tests can be used to establish a statistical relationship between two variables. Students will learn the basics of Chi-Square, correlation, T-test, and ANOVA models in the lectures. Students' skills to interpret the results of these methods will also be strengthened within the framework of statistical laboratories. Finally, within the seminars, students will also analyze and critically evaluate these methods within the published scholarly work. |
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Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
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2
|
Topics
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Bivariate and multivariate regressions
Description
Bivariate and multivariate regressions are among the most popular methods used in modern social science research. In lectures, students will acquire basic knowledge of the “assumptions” of regression (including the normal distribution) and understand its basic mathematical principles. Students will learn to interpret the regression results in statistical laboratories using statistical software. Finally, within seminars, students will evaluate the application of regression analysis in different scientific studies. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Bivariate and multivariate regressions
Description
Bivariate and multivariate regressions are among the most popular methods used in modern social science research. In lectures, students will acquire basic knowledge of the “assumptions” of regression (including the normal distribution) and understand its basic mathematical principles. Students will learn to interpret the regression results in statistical laboratories using statistical software. Finally, within seminars, students will evaluate the application of regression analysis in different scientific studies. |
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Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Bivariate and multivariate regressions
Description
Bivariate and multivariate regressions are among the most popular methods used in modern social science research. In lectures, students will acquire basic knowledge of the “assumptions” of regression (including the normal distribution) and understand its basic mathematical principles. Students will learn to interpret the regression results in statistical laboratories using statistical software. Finally, within seminars, students will evaluate the application of regression analysis in different scientific studies. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Bivariate and multivariate regressions
Description
Bivariate and multivariate regressions are among the most popular methods used in modern social science research. In lectures, students will acquire basic knowledge of the “assumptions” of regression (including the normal distribution) and understand its basic mathematical principles. Students will learn to interpret the regression results in statistical laboratories using statistical software. Finally, within seminars, students will evaluate the application of regression analysis in different scientific studies. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Surveys, forecasting and expert assessment
Description
Surveys, forecasting, and expert assessment can be used in economic research and other social science fields. During the lecture, students will be presented with the basic principles of these methods and the basic elements of descriptive statistics and sampling. Students will also develop their interpretation skills in statistical lab sections when using the abovementioned methods. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Bivariate and multivariate regressions
Description
Bivariate and multivariate regressions are among the most popular methods used in modern social science research. In lectures, students will acquire basic knowledge of the “assumptions” of regression (including the normal distribution) and understand its basic mathematical principles. Students will learn to interpret the regression results in statistical laboratories using statistical software. Finally, within seminars, students will evaluate the application of regression analysis in different scientific studies. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Automated text analysis
Description
Advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence have also left their mark on social science research. Automated text analysis allows us to analyze large amounts of textual data through a computer program by identifying thematic clusters and other elements. Within the lecture, students will be introduced to the principles of automated text analysis. The seminar discussion, however, is dedicated to shaping the students’ ability to analyze and evaluate the use of automated text analysis in published scientific research. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Automated text analysis
Description
Advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence have also left their mark on social science research. Automated text analysis allows us to analyze large amounts of textual data through a computer program by identifying thematic clusters and other elements. Within the lecture, students will be introduced to the principles of automated text analysis. The seminar discussion, however, is dedicated to shaping the students’ ability to analyze and evaluate the use of automated text analysis in published scientific research. |
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Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
The construction of qualitative and quantitative research design
Description
Students are required to craft a qualitative and quantitative research design. The presentation of the student work will take place at the end of the class. |
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Class/Seminar
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Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
The construction of qualitative and quantitative research design
Description
Students are required to craft a qualitative and quantitative research design. The presentation of the student work will take place at the end of the class. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
The construction of qualitative and quantitative research design
Description
Students are required to craft a qualitative and quantitative research design. The presentation of the student work will take place at the end of the class. |
-
Class/Seminar
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
The construction of qualitative and quantitative research design
Description
Students are required to craft a qualitative and quantitative research design. The presentation of the student work will take place at the end of the class. |
-
Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
|
2
|
Topics
|
Mixed methods research design
Description
Mixed-methods designs are an important part of modern social science research. In this lecture, students will gain the knowledge and skills necessary to distinguish between mixed designs and those of the same methodological tradition. They will also learn how to evaluate the opportunities and challenges when using such designs to answer social science questions. |
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Lecture
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Modality
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Location
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Contact hours
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|---|---|---|
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On site
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Study room
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2
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Topics
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Methods and methodology in master's thesis
Description
Students will be introduced to the connection between the skills, competencies, and expertise gained within the class and the graduate thesis writing process. |
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Lecture
|
Modality
|
Location
|
Contact hours
|
|---|---|---|
|
On site
|
Study room
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2
|
Topics
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Methods and methodology in master's thesis
Description
Students will be introduced to the connection between the skills, competencies, and expertise gained within the class and the graduate thesis writing process. |
Total ECTS (Creditpoints):
6.00
Contact hours:
64 Academic Hours
Final Examination:
Exam
Bibliography
Required Reading
1.
Neuman, W.L. (2014) Social Research Methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Harlow: Pearson Education. pp. 1-24, 55-58 and 74-82 (Klasisks darbs par pētījuma metodēm)Suitable for English stream
2.
Ragin, C.C. and Amoroso, L.M. (2011) Constructing Social Research: The unity and diversity of Method. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE. pp. 5-32 (Klasisks teksts)Suitable for English stream
3.
Yoskiko M. Herrera and Bear F. Braumoeller, eds. (2004) "Symposium: Discourse and Content Analysis." Qualitative Methods 2 (1). pp. 19-22; (Klasisks un visaptverošs teksts)Suitable for English stream
4.
Bowen, G.A. (2009) ‘Document analysis as a qualitative research method’, Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), pp. 27–40. doi:10.3316/qrj0902027 (Klasisks teksts par konkrētās metodes lietojumu)Suitable for English stream
5.
Roller, M.R. and Lavrakas, P.J. (2015) Applied Qualitative Research Design: A total quality framework approach. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 230-248Suitable for English stream
6.
Bernard, Russell H. 2006. “Interviewing: Unstructured and Semistructured” In: Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, ed. Russell H. Bernard, 210-250. Oxford: AltaMira Press. (Klasisks teksts par interviju lietojumu Sociālajās zinātnēs)Suitable for English stream
7.
Harding, Jamie. 2019. “Collecting and Managing Focus Group Data.” In Qualitative Data Analysis, 2nd ed., 85-100. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.Suitable for English stream
8.
Bernard, Russell H. 2006. “Participant observation.” In Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, ed. Russell H. Bernard, 342-450. Oxford: AltaMira Press. (Klasisks teksts Sociālo zinātņu pētniecībā)Suitable for English stream
9.
O'Reilly, Karen. 2005. "Ethical Ethnography." In Ethnographic Methods, 59–83. New York: Routledge (Klasisks teksts Sociālo zinātņu pētniecībā)Suitable for English stream
10.
Beach, D. and Pedersen, R.B. (2019) Process-tracing methods: Foundations and guidelines. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 29-41Suitable for English stream
11.
Bennett, A. and Checkel, J.T. (2015) Process tracing from metaphor to analytic tool. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 4-40Suitable for English stream
12.
Agresti, A. (2018) Statistical methods for the Social Sciences. Boston: Pearson. pp. 179-200, 220-240, 247-286, 307-350Suitable for English stream
13.
Grimmer, Justin, Margaret E. Roberts, and Brandon M. Stewart. 2022. Text as Data: A New Framework for Machine Learning in the Social Sciences. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Suitable for English stream
14.
Shorten, A. and Smith, J. (2017) ‘Mixed methods research: Expanding the evidence base’, Evidence Based Nursing, 20(3), pp. 74–75. doi:10.1136/eb-2017-102699.Suitable for English stream
Additional Reading
1.
Mosley, L. (2013) Interview Research in Political Science. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. 1-28 (Klasisks darbs par intervijām Politikas zinātnē un citās sociālajās zinātnēs)Suitable for English stream
2.
Ackerly, B. and True, J. (2008) ‘Reflexivity in practice: Power and ethics in Feminist Research on International Relations’, International Studies Review, 10(4), pp. 693–707. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2486.2008.00826.x. (Teksts kas visaptveroši apspriež ētikas un pozicionalitātes problēmas sociālo zinātņu pētniecībā)Suitable for English stream
3.
Schatz, E. (2013) Political ethnography: what immersion contributes to the study of power. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 143-161 (Klasisks piemērs etnogrāfijas pielietojumam sociālo zinātņu pētniecībā)Suitable for English stream
4.
Kapiszewski, D., MacLean, L.M. and Read, B.L. (2015) Field research in political science: Practices and principles. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1-33Suitable for English stream
5.
Sedlenieks, Klāvs, Andris Saulītis, un Kristīne Rolle. Tētis uz 13%: Latvijas tēvi pēc šķiršanās. Nodibinājums "Tēvi", 2017.
6.
Kamrava, M. (2011) ‘Mediation and Qatari foreign policy’, The Middle East Journal, 65(4), pp. 539–556. doi:10.3751/65.4.11 (Klasisks piemērs dokumentu analīzes metodes pielietošanā)Suitable for English stream
7.
Lobasz, J.K. (2008) ‘The woman in peril and the ruined woman: Representations of female soldiers in the Iraq War’, Journal of Women, Politics & Policy, 29(3), pp. 305–334. doi:10.1080/15544770802205996 (Klasisks piemērs diskursa analīzes pielietošanai)Suitable for English stream
8.
Wohlforth, W.C. (1994) ‘Realism and the end of the Cold War’, International Security, 19(3), p. 91. doi:10.2307/2539080. (Klasisks piemērs procesa izsekošanas pielietošanai)Suitable for English stream
9.
Wedeen, L. (1998) ‘Acting “as if”: Symbolic politics and social control in Syria’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 40(03). doi:10.1017/s0010417598001388. (Klasisks piemērs etnogrāfijas izmantošanai)Suitable for English stream
10.
Carattini, S. et al. (2023) ‘What does network analysis teach us about International Environmental Cooperation?’, Ecological Economics, 205, p. 107670. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107670.Suitable for English stream
11.
Lake, D.R. (2009) ‘The limits of Coercive Airpower: NATO’s “victory” in Kosovo revisited’, International Security, 34(1), pp. 83–112. doi:10.1162/isec.2009.34.1.83 (Klasisks piemērs procesa izsekošanas pielietošanai)Suitable for English stream
12.
Trubowitz, P. and Watanabe, K. (2021) ‘The geopolitical threat index: A text-based computational approach to identifying foreign threats’, International Studies Quarterly, 65(3), pp. 852–865. doi:10.1093/isq/sqab029.Suitable for English stream
13.
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