Propaedeutics

1.To name the subjective parts of the examination and the parameters characterising the most frequent patient complaints. To name the signs of the patient’s general condition (consciousness, nutritional state), the most frequent skin changes. To describe the relative position of organs in relation to the body surface. To name and describe the most common signs of lung, cardiovascular, digestive, excretory and haematological problems. To name the values of critical indicators of heart rate, breathing and kidney function. To describe the basic principles of load and functional testing. To name the most common functional disorders of endocrine organs, the hormone level changes that characterise them, and the most common signs of these changes. To name the indicators and normal values of glucose metabolism. To name the most commonly used tests for the clinical and biochemical composition of blood. To describe the standards, functions and roles of the nursing profession. To describe the principles and importance of drawing up a patient care plan.

1.To know how to question the patient about their complaints and anamnesis. To know how to assess the patient’s level of consciousness, orientation, nutritional state, fluid balance, skin and mucous membrane changes. To know how to perform basic examinations of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, digestive, excretory, endocrine and haematopoietic systems and determine the boundaries of organs. To know how to perform a muscle and joint check. To know how to perform a 12-lead ECG recording and assess its basic findings (rhythm pattern, heart rate). To be able to apply Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to formulate priority problems and draw up a care plan.

1.To formulate patient problems (nursing diagnoses) by independently questioning the patient. To verify the formulated problems by performing an objective examination of the patient by organ system – pulmonary, cardiovascular, digestive, excretory and haematopoietic. By evaluating the most frequent clinical examinations – electrocardiography, spirometry, blood and biochemical tests –, to summarise the obtained results as disease syndromes. To draw up a patient care plan and set goals for solving problems. To know how to assess the signs and complications of the most common diseases.